Heart Valve Surgeries

When is Heart Valve Surgery Needed?

Heart valve surgery is recommended when damaged valves affect normal blood flow through the heart. There are four valves in the heart:

1. Aortic valve

2. Mitral valve

3. Tricuspid valve

4. Pulmonary valve

Any of these may need repair or replacement if they become narrowed or leaky.

 

Signs and Symptoms of Valve Disease
You may need evaluation for valve surgery if you experience:
Shortness of breath

Dizziness or fainting

Chest discomfort

Extreme tiredness

Swelling of legs or ankles (fluid retention)

These symptoms may worsen over time if the valve disease is not treated.

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Causes of Heart Valve Damage
1. Congenital (Present from Birth)

• Abnormally formed or sized valves

• Valve stenosis

• Valve regurgitation

• Pulmonary valve stenosis

• Atresia (absence or incomplete development of a valve)

2. Acquired (Develop Over Time)

• Age-related degeneration

• Rheumatic fever leading to scarring of valves

• Infections such as infective endocarditis

• Coronary artery disease

• High blood pressure (hypertension)

• Heart muscle diseases

• Aortic disease

• Diseases of connective tissue (e.g., Marfan syndrome)

• Tumors affecting the heart or valve structures

• These conditions can weaken or distort the valve, limiting its ability to open and close properly.

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How Are Diseased Heart Valves Treated?
Treatment depends on the severity of the valve disease and overall patient health. Options include:
Medications: Medicines cannot cure valve disease but can reduce symptoms such as breathlessness, swelling, or palpitations.
Surgical Valve Repair: Repairs may include reshaping valve leaflets, tightening the valve ring (annuloplasty), or correcting structural defects to preserve the patient’s natural valve.
Surgical Valve Replacement: When the valve is too damaged to repair, it is replaced with:
Mechanical valves (long-lasting, require blood thinners)

Biological valves (tissue valves, fewer blood thinners)

Transcatheter Valve Procedures (TAVR/TMVR)
Minimally invasive methods using catheters for patients who are high-risk for open-heart surgery.
Your cardiologist and heart surgeon will discuss the best option based on the type of valve disease, your symptoms, test results, and overall health.
 

Our Expertise in Valve Surgery
We offer a comprehensive range of advanced heart valve procedures:

• Mitral Valve Repair or Replacement

• Aortic Valve Replacement (AVR) / Repair

• Tricuspid Valve Repair or Replacement

• Double Valve Surgery

• Bentall Procedure (Aortic Root Replacement)

• Atrial Fibrillation Surgery (Maze Procedure)

• Left Atrial (LA) Reduction Surgery

• CABG with Valve Surgery

• Minimally Invasive Valve Replacement & Repair

All procedures are performed using modern techniques to enhance safety, reduce recovery time, and improve long-term outcomes.